Garbage disposal and leachate control
Garbage or waste refers to solid, liquid and gas materials (other than sewage) that are directly and indirectly the result of human activity and are considered waste from the producer’s point of view. With the increase in population and the huge amount of waste produced and polluting water, soil, air environments and the resulting problems for humans and other living organisms and the environment, the management of these substances is a very important discussion. There are many different types of waste and waste, for example, the following can be mentioned.
Different types of waste
Urban and domestic
a hospital
Garbage and animal waste
agriculture
electronic
nuclear
According to the different types of waste, the pollution in the waste can be of different types, the most important of which are the following:
Types of garbage and waste pollution:
heavy metals
Dangerous chemical compounds such as poisons, insecticides
Microorganisms, bacteria, fungi, viruses, infectious and pathogenic agents
Radioactive and nuclear materials such as materials used in laboratories, hospitals, nuclear activities
Gases such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide
Leachates
COD and BOD5
Zeolites are porous hydrous aluminosilicate minerals with nanometer holes that have the ability to absorb water as well as many cations due to their special structure. The ability to absorb water, high cation exchange capacity, along with the porous structure for absorbing liquid and gaseous substances, wide specific surface area, pH control, high chemical stability, compatibility with the environment and reasonable price are the characteristic features of this mineral that make it It has become an ideal combination in the matter of landfilling.
The benefits of using zeolite in landfilling and disposal of municipal waste leachate
Absorption of heavy and harmful metals such as Pb, Cd, Hg and reducing their entry into water and soil environments by using cation exchange capacity
Reducing the burden of microbial contamination, bacteria and viruses due to antibacterial and antiviral properties as well as moisture absorption
Reducing the amount of produced leachate due to moisture absorption properties
Reducing the amount of radioactive materials
Creating an insulated burial environment and preventing contamination from leaking into water and soil
Absorption of toxins, insecticides and some harmful chemicals
Reduction of BOD and COD of leachate
Accelerating and improving the process of making composts from waste due to its catalytic properties
Ability to use multiple stages and finally use the remaining solid materials in some other industries, including the production of lightweight and durable concrete.
Afrazand company in cooperation with Saba Parsian innovators company has succeeded in building a device system that uses mechatronics knowledge and the use of magnetic field to destroy urban waste by using a special type of zeolites of this company.
The mechanism of the leachate destruction system:
In this mechanism, zeolite and leachate particles are charged and magnetically oriented so that the leachate is easily absorbed and preserved in the microporous space of zeolite. Absorbed leachate after drying due to loss of moisture and oxygenation in zeolite holes, COD and BOD 5 pollutions are completely destroyed in it. Fungal and microbial contaminations are also removed with the same mechanism. Also, with the high cation exchange power of zeolite, heavy toxic metals are trapped in it, and toxic gases such as ammonia, sulfur gases, etc. are also absorbed and decomposed. In this way, instead of a very expensive and inefficient process, waste leachate is completely destroyed and solidified. The remaining zeolite solids in this process can be recycled and reused in several stages. Also, due to the preservation of pozzolanic properties, they can be used in the production of light and durable concrete and in the production of asphalt or road infrastructure and many other uses.
